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Linux Ubuntu Images

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This page describes the Ubuntu images supported on Semaphore Cloud.

Overview​

The Operating System image defines what OS and software are pre-installed in your agents.

This page describes OS images to run on Linux-based Semaphore Cloud machines. You can add more OS options using self-hosted agents.

Installing packages​

You have full sudo passwordless permissions to install and modify OS packages as needed. Ubuntu package manager is apt.

To install a package, run:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y <package-name>
info

Packages are installed from a package repository located near the machines for more performance.

Disabled repositories​

Due to occasional issues with some of the repositories that break the pipeline during the apt-get update command, the following package sources repositories have been disabled and moved to /etc/apt/sources.list.d/disabled:

  • azure-cli.list
  • devel_kubic_libcontainers_stable.list
  • docker.list
  • firefox.list
  • git.list
  • google-cloud-sdk.list
  • gradle.list
  • helm.list
  • pypy.list
  • python.list
  • yarn.list

If you need any of these package repositories, execute the following command:

sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list.d/disabled/<package-repository-file.list> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/
sudo apt-get update

Nested virtualization​

Linux-based machines support nested virtualization. You can create virtual machines inside the virtual machine running your agent using [libvirt]

Follow these commands to use nested virtualization:

  1. Check that nested virtualization is supported. The output should be 0 
    grep -cw vmx /proc/cpuinfo
  2. Install the required packages 
    sudo apt-get install -y uvtool sshpass net-tools netcat-openbsd
  3. Download prebuilt Ubuntu cloud image 
    uvt-simplestreams-libvirt --verbose sync --source http://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/daily release=focal arch=amd64
    uvt-simplestreams-libvirt query
  4. Create a new SSH keypair 
    rm -rf ~/.ssh/id_rsa
    echo | ssh-keygen -t rsa  -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
  5. Create the VM 
    uvt-kvm create vm1 --memory 1024 --cpu 1 --disk 4 --password ubuntu --bridge virbr0
    uvt-kvm list
  6. Wait for the machine to be up and IP to be available 
    IP=""
    while [ -z $IP ];do IP=$(arp -an | grep $(virsh dumpxml vm1| grep "mac address" | cut -d"'" -f2)|cut -d"(" -f2|cut -d")" -f1);done
    echo $IP
    while ! nc -w5 -z $IP 22; do  echo "Sleep while $IP is up";sleep 1; done
  7. Run the commands in the VM using SSH. For example, this runs uname -a 
    sshpass -p "ubuntu" -v  ssh -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no ubuntu@$IP -t 'uname -a'

The predefined default network for nested virtualization is 192.168.123.0/24. The base VM provides virbr0 interface with the IP address: 192.168.123.1.

Ubuntu 22.04 (x86_64)​

note

The Ubuntu 22.04 images is not available for the older generation agent type e1-standard. This OS version is in technical preview and versions of preinstalled software are subject to change.

This is a customized x86_64 image based on Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy Jellyfish LTS).

This section describes the software pre-installed on the image.

Version control​

The following version control tools are pre-installed:

  • Git 2.46.0
  • Git LFS (Git Large File Storage) 3.5.1
  • GitHub CLI 2.55.0
  • Mercurial 6.1.1
  • Svn 1.14.1

Browsers​

The following browsers and headless browsers are pre-installed. Chrome and Firefox support headless mode.

  • Firefox 102.11.0 (102, default, esr)
  • Geckodriver 0.33.0
  • Google Chrome 121
  • ChromeDriver 121
  • Xvfb (X Virtual Framebuffer)
  • Phantomjs 2.1.1

Docker​

Docker toolset is installed and the following versions are available:

  • Docker 27.2.0
  • Docker-compose 1.29.2 (used as docker-compose --version)
  • Docker-compose 2.29.2 (used as docker compose version)
  • Docker-buildx 0.16.2
  • Docker-machine 0.16.2
  • Dockerize 0.7.0
  • Buildah 1.23.1
  • Podman 3.4.4
  • Skopeo 1.4.1

Cloud CLIs​

The following cloud tools are pre-installed:

  • Aws-cli 2.17.40 (used as aws)
  • Azure-cli 2.64.0
  • Ecs-cli 1.21.0
  • Doctl 1.111.0
  • Gcloud 492.0.0
  • Gke-gcloud-auth-plugin 492.0.0
  • Kubectl 1.29.1
  • Heroku 9.2.1
  • Terraform 1.9.5
  • Helm 3.15.4

Utilities​

The following utilities are pre-installed:

  • Httpie 3.2.2
  • Curl 8.5.0
  • Rsync 3.2.7
  • gcc 11, 12, and 13 (default)

Languages​

The following languages and toolsets are pre-installed.

JavaScript and Node

Node.js versions are managed by nvm.

You can install any version you need with nvm install <version>.

Pre-installed tools:

  • Node.js: v20.17.0 (set as default, with alias 20.17), includes npm 10.8.2
  • Yarn: 1.22.22
Python

Python versions are installed and managed by virtualenv. Installed versions:

  • 3.10.14
  • 3.11.9
  • 3.12.3

Supporting libraries:

  • pypy3: 7.3.17
  • pip: 24.2
  • venv: 20.26.3
Ruby

Available versions:

  • 3.0.x
  • 3.1.x
  • 3.2.x
  • 3.3.x
  • jruby-9.4.1.0

The default installed Ruby version is 3.3.4

Erlang and Elixir

Erlang versions are installed and managed via kerl. Elixir versions are installed with kiex.

  • Erlang: 24.3, 25.0, 25.1, 25.2, 25.3, 26.0, 26.1, 26.2, 27.0 (default)
  • Elixir: 1.12.x, 1.13.x, 1.14.x, 1.15.x, 1.16.x, 1.17.x (1.17.2 as default)

Additional libraries:

  • Rebar3: 3.22.1
Go
  • 1.10.x
  • 1.11.x
  • 1.12.x
  • 1.13.x
  • 1.14.x
  • 1.15.x
  • 1.16.x
  • 1.17.x
  • 1.18.x
  • 1.19.x
  • 1.20.x
  • 1.21.x
  • 1.22.x
  • 1.23.x (1.23.0 as default)
Java and JVM languages
  • Java: 11.0.24, 17.0.12 (default), 21.0.4
  • Scala: 3.2.2
  • Leiningen: 2.11.2 (Clojure)
  • Sbt 1.10.1

Build tools:

  • Maven: 3.9.6
  • Gradle: 8.10
  • Bazel: 7.3.1
PHP

PHP versions are managed by phpbrew. Available versions:

  • 8.1.x
  • 8.2.x
  • 8.3.x

The default installed PHP version is 8.1.29

Additional tools:

  • PHPUnit: 9.5.28
Rust
  • 1.81.0

Ubuntu 22.04 (ARM)​

This is a customized ARM image based on Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy Jellyfish LTS).

This section describes the software pre-installed on the image.

Version control​

Following version control tools are pre-installed:

  • Git 2.42.0
  • Git LFS (Git Large File Storage) 3.4.1
  • GitHub CLI 2.42.1
  • Mercurial 6.1.1
  • Svn 1.14.1

Browsers​

The following browsers and headless browsers are pre-installed. Chrome and Firefox support headless mode.

  • Firefox 115.7.0 (115, default, esr)
  • Geckodriver 0.33.0
  • Chromium 120
  • Chromium Driver 120
  • Xvfb (X Virtual Framebuffer)

Docker​

The Docker toolset is installed and the following versions are available:

  • Docker 24.0.7
  • Docker-compose 2.24.2 (used as docker compose version)
  • Docker-buildx 0.12.1
  • Docker-machine 0.16.2
  • Dockerize 0.7.0
  • Buildah 1.23.1
  • Podman 3.4.4
  • Skopeo 1.4.1

Cloud CLIs​

The following cloud CLIs are pre-installed:

  • Aws-cli 2.15.11 (used as aws)
  • Azure-cli 2.56.0
  • Eb-cli 3.20.10
  • Ecs-cli 1.21.0
  • Doctl 1.102.0
  • Gcloud 425.0.0
  • Gke-gcloud-auth-plugin 425.0.0
  • Kubectl 1.29.1
  • Terraform 1.7.0
  • Helm 3.13.3

Utilites​

The following utilities are pre-installed:

  • Httpie 3.2.2
  • Curl 7.81.0
  • Rsync 3.2.7
  • gcc 11 (default) and gcc 12

Languages​

JavaScript and Node

Node.js versions are managed by nvm.

You can install any version you need with nvm install <version>.

Pre-installed tools:

  • Node.js: v20.11.0 (set as default, with alias 20.11), includes npm 10.2.4
  • Yarn: 1.22.19
Python

Python versions are installed and managed by virtualenv. Installed versions:

  • 3.10.12
  • 3.11.7
  • 3.12.1

Supporting libraries:

  • pypy: 7.3.9
  • pypy3: 7.3.15
  • pip: 24.0
  • venv: 20.25.0
Ruby

Available versions:

  • 2.7.0 to 2.7.8
  • 3.0.0 to 3.0.7
  • 3.1.0 to 3.1.6
  • 3.2.0 to 3.2.4
  • 3.3.0 to 3.3.4
  • jruby-9.3.10.0
  • jruby-9.4.2.0

The default installed Ruby version is 3.2.3.

Erlang and Elixir

Erlang versions are installed and managed via kerl. Elixir versions are installed with kiex.

  • Erlang: 24.3, 25.0, 25.1, 25.2, 25.3 (default), 26.0, 26.1, 26.2, 27.0
  • Elixir: 1.9.x, 1.10.x, 1.11.x, 1.12.x, 1.13.x, 1.14.x (1.14.5 as default), 1.15.x, 1.16.x, 1.17.x

Additional libraries:

  • Rebar3: 3.22.1
Go
  • 1.19.x
  • 1.20.x
  • 1.21.x (1.21.6 as default)
  • 1.22.x
Java and JVM languages
  • Java: 11.0.21, 17.0.9 (default)
  • Scala: 3.2.2
  • Leiningen: 2.10.0 (Clojure)
  • Sbt 1.9.7

Build tools:

  • Maven: 3.9.6
  • Gradle: 8.3
  • Bazel: 7.0.2
PHP

PHP versions are managed by phpbrew. Available versions:

  • 8.1.x
  • 8.2.x
  • 8.3.x

The default installed PHP version is 8.1.27.

Additional tools:

  • PHPUnit: 9.5.28
Rust
  • 1.75.0

Ubuntu 20.04 (x86_64)​

This is a customized x86_64 image based on Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal Fossa LTS).

This section describes the software pre-installed on the image.

Version control​

The following version control tools are pre-installed:

  • Git 2.46.0
  • Git LFS (Git Large File Storage) 3.5.1
  • GitHub CLI 2.55.0
  • Mercurial 5.3.1
  • Svn 1.13.0

Browsers​

The following browsers and headless browsers are pre-installed. Chrome and Firefox support headless mode.

  • Firefox 68.9 (68, esr-old), 78.1 (78, default, esr), 102.11.0 (102, esr-new, esr-latest)
  • Geckodriver 0.33.0
  • Google Chrome 128
  • ChromeDriver 128
  • Xvfb (X Virtual Framebuffer)
  • Phantomjs 2.1.1

Docker​

Docker toolset is installed and the following versions are available:

  • Docker 25.0.2
  • Docker-compose 1.29.2 (used as docker-compose --version)
  • Docker-compose 2.24.5 (used as docker compose version)
  • Docker-buildx 0.12.1
  • Docker-machine 0.16.2
  • Dockerize 0.7.0
  • Buildah 1.22.3
  • Podman 3.4.2
  • Skopeo 1.5.0

Cloud CLIs​

The following cloud tools are pre-installed:

  • Aws-cli v1 (used as aws) 1.32.35
  • Aws-cli v2 (used as aws2) 2.15.17
  • Azure-cli 2.57.0
  • Eb-cli 3.20.10
  • Ecs-cli 1.21.0
  • Doctl 1.104.0
  • Gcloud 425.0.0
  • Gke-gcloud-auth-plugin 425.0.0
  • Kubectl 1.29.1
  • Heroku 8.7.1
  • Terraform 1.7.2
  • Helm 3.14.0

Utilities​

The following utilities are pre-installed:

  • Httpie 3.2.2
  • Curl 7.68.0
  • Rsync 3.1.3
  • gcc 10 (default), and gcc 9

Languages​

The following languages and toolsets are pre-installed.

JavaScript and Node

Node.js versions are managed by nvm.

You can install any version you need with nvm install <version>.

Pre-installed tools:

  • Node.js: v20.11.0 (set as default, with alias 20.11), includes npm 10.2.4
  • Yarn: 1.22.19
Python

Python versions are installed and managed by virtualenv. Installed versions:

  • 3.8.10 (default)
  • 3.9.19
  • 3.10.13
  • 3.11.7
  • 3.12.1

Supporting libraries:

  • pypy: 7.3.9
  • pypy3: 7.3.15
  • pip: 24.0
  • venv: 20.25.0
Ruby

Available versions:

  • 2.6.0 to 2.6.10
  • 2.7.0 to 2.7.8
  • 3.0.0 to 3.0.7
  • 3.1.0 to 3.1.6
  • 3.2.0 to 3.2.4
  • 3.3.0 to 3.3.4
  • jruby-9.2.11.1
  • jruby-9.3.9.0
  • jruby-9.4.0.0

The default installed Ruby version is 2.7.8.

Erlang and Elixir

Erlang versions are installed and managed via kerl. Elixir versions are installed with kiex.

  • Erlang: 22.3, 23.3, 24.1, 24.2, 24.3 (default), 25.0, 25.1, 25.2, 25.3, 26.0, 26.1, 26.2, 27.0
  • Elixir: 1.9.x, 1.10.x, 1.11.x, 1.12.x, 1.13.x (1.13.4 as default), 1.14.x, 1.15.x, 1.16.x, 1.17.x

Additional libraries:

  • Rebar: 2.6.4
  • Rebar3: 3.22.1
Go
  • 1.10.x
  • 1.11.x
  • 1.12.x
  • 1.13.x
  • 1.14.x
  • 1.15.x
  • 1.16.x
  • 1.17.x
  • 1.18.x
  • 1.19.x
  • 1.20.x
  • 1.21.x (1.21.6 as default)
  • 1.22.x
Java and JVM languages
  • Java: 11.0.21 (default), 17.0.9
  • Scala: 2.12.15, 3.1.3
  • Leiningen: 2.11.1 (Clojure)
  • Sbt 1.9.8

Build tools:

  • Maven: 3.9.6
  • Gradle: 8.3
  • Bazel: 7.0.2
PHP

PHP versions are managed by phpbrew. Available versions:

  • 7.4.x
  • 8.0.x
  • 8.1.x
  • 8.2.x
  • 8.3.x

The default installed PHP version is 7.4.33.

Additional tools:

  • PHPUnit: 7.5.20
Rust
  • 1.75.0

See also​